Isu tinoshandisa makuki nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, sekuchengetedza kuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kweiyo FT webhusaiti, kugadzirisa zvemukati uye kushambadzira, kupa social media maficha, uye kuongorora mashandisirwo ewebhusaiti yedu.
Kufanana nevakawanda, Gary Sharkey anga achitevera zviri kuitika muRussia nechisimba muUkraine.Asi zvaanofarira hazvisi kuvanhu chete: Semutungamiriri wekutenga kuHovis, mumwe wevabiki vechingwa vakuru muUK, Sharkey ane basa rekutsvaga zvese kubva pazviyo zvechingwa kusvika. simbi yemichina.
Russia neUkraine vatengesi vezviyo vanokosha kunze kwenyika, uye chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekutengeserana kwegorosi pasi rose pakati pavo.Kuna Hovis, kukwira kwemitengo yegorosi kwakakonzerwa nekupinda uye zvirango zvakazotevera kuRussia zvaive nemitengo yakakosha yebhizinesi rayo.
"Ukraine neRussia - kubuda kwezviyo kubva kuGungwa Dzvuku kwakakosha zvikuru kumisika yepasi rose," Sharkey akadaro, sezvo kutengesa kunze kwenyika kubva kunyika mbiri idzi kwakamira.
Kwete zviyo chete.Sharkey akataurawo nezvekukwira kwemitengo yealuminium. Mitengo yesimbi isina kuremerwa inoshandiswa mune zvese kubva kumota kusvika kudoro nemagaba echingwa yave kusvika padanho repamusoro rinodarika $3,475 patani - pamwe zvichiratidza chokwadi chekuti Russia ndiyo nyika. wechipiri-mukurusa mutengesi kunze.
“Zvese zvakamira.Pane zvematongerwo enyika njodzi premium pane zvakawanda zvigadzirwa, "55-ane makore-mukuru mukuru akati, achicherechedza kuti mitengo yegorosi yakakwira 51% mumakore gumi nemaviri apfuura uye mutengo wegasi muEurope wakakwira anenge 600%.
Kupindirwa kweUkraine kwaisa mumvuri pamusoro peindasitiri yezvigadzirwa, sezvo zvaitawo kuti zvisaite kufuratira mitsetse yekukanganisa kweiyo geopolitical inomhanya nemumisika mizhinji yakakosha yezvinhu.
Njodzi dzezvematongerwo enyika dziri kuramba dzichiwanda.Kusawirirana pachezvayo nezvirango zveRussia zviri kukanganisa misika zhinji, kunyanya gorosi.Kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi kune zvakakosha pamimwe misika yezvinhu, kusanganisira mutengo wefetereza inoshandiswa nevarimi.
Pamusoro peizvozvo, vatengesi vezvigadzirwa uye vatungamiri vekutenga vari kuwedzera kunetseka pamusoro penzira idzo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kushandiswa sezvombo zvekunze kwenyika-kunyanya kana kuvandudzwa kweCold War itsva kuchiparadzanisa Russia, uye pamwe China, kubva kuUnited States. .Madokero.
Kwemakumi matatu emakore apfuura, indasitiri yezvigadzirwa yanga iri imwe yemhando yepamusoro-soro mienzaniso yekudyidzana kwepasirese, ichigadzira hupfumi hwakakura hwemakambani ekutengesa anobatanidza vatengi nevatengesi vezvigadzirwa.
Chikamu chezvose zvinotengeswa neon kunze kwenyika zvinobva kuRussia neUkraine.Marambi eNeon anogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwesimbi uye ndiwo akakosha ekugadzira machipisi.Pakapinda Russia kumabvazuva kweUkraine muna 2014, mutengo wemarambi emagetsi wakakwira ne600%, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kune semiconductor indasitiri
Nepo mapurojekiti mazhinji ega ega munzvimbo dzakaita semigodhi agara akaputirwa mune zvematongerwo enyika, musika pachawo unovakwa pachishuwo chekuvhura pasi rese.Kutenga vatariri vakadai saHovis 'Sharkey kunetseka pamusoro pemutengo, tisingarevi kukwanisa kuburitsa chokwadi. midziyo yavanoda.
Shanduko yemafungiro muindasitiri yezvigadzirwa yanga ichiitika kwemakore gumi. Sezvo kusawirirana pakati peUS neChina kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, kubata kweBeijing pakupihwa kwepasi isingawanzo simbi - simbi dzinoshandiswa muzvinhu zvakawanda zvekugadzira - kunowedzera kutya kuti kupihwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa. inogona kuva chombo chezvematongerwo enyika.
Asi mumakore maviri apfuura, zviitiko zviviri zvakasiyana zvakaunza kunyanya kutariswa. Denda reCovid-19 rakaratidza njodzi yekuvimba nenhamba shoma yenyika kana makambani, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekutengesa. , Kupinda kweRussia muUkraine chiyeuchidzo chekuti dzimwe nyika dzingave sei neruremekedzo rwakakura pakugoverwa kwemidziyo nekuda kwemugove wadzo mukuru wemusika muzvinhu zvakakosha.
Russia haingori mutengesi mukuru wegasi rechisikigo kuEurope, asi zvakare inotonga musika wezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha, zvinosanganisira oiri, gorosi, aluminium uye palladium.
"Zvigadzirwa zvave zvichishandiswa kwenguva refu ... yagara iri nyaya yekuti nyika dzinotanga riini," akadaro Frank Fannon, aimbova mutevedzeri wemunyori wezvezvemagetsi.
Mhinduro yenguva pfupi yemamwe makambani nehurumende kuhondo muUkraine kwave kuwedzera zvinyorwa zvezvinhu zvakakosha. Mukufamba kwenguva, izvi zvakamanikidza indasitiri kufunga mamwe macheni ekupa kunzvenga mhirizhonga inogona kuitika yehupfumi neyemari pakati peRussia. uye kuMadokero.
“Zviri pachena kuti nyika iri kunyanya kukoshesa nyaya [dzezvematongerwo enyika] kupfuura zvazvaiva zvakaita makore gumi kusvika ku15 apfuura,” akadaro Jean-Francois Lambert, aimbova chipangamazano webhanga uye anopa mazano kumasangano ezvemari nemafemu ezvokutengeserana.Lambert) akadaro.Ingori nezve efficient supply cheni.Ikozvino vanhu vari kunetsekana, tine zvekushandisa, tozviwana here? ”
Kukatyamadzwa kumusika nevagadziri vanodzora huwandu hwechikamu chekugadzirwa kwezvimwe zvinhu hachisi chitsva.Kuvhundutswa kwemafuta kuma1970, apo kurambidzwa kwemafuta eOPEC kwakatumira mitengo isina kuchena ichikwira, zvakakonzera kuderera kwevanotenga oiri munyika yose.
Kubva ipapo, kutengeserana kwave kuri kuita pasi rose uye misika yakabatana. kuyerera kwezvigadzirwa.
Russia inoshandisa gasi rechisikiro kuendesa kunze kuEurope, zvichiita kuti pave netarisiro yezvinhu zvakasikwa zviri kushandiswa sezvombo.Russia inotora inenge 40 muzana yeEU gasi kushandiswa.Zvisinei, Russia inotengeswa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweEurope yakaderera ne20% kusvika 25% muchina. kota yegore rapfuura, maererano neInternational Energy Agency, mushure mekunge kambani yegasi inotsigirwa nehurumende Gazprom yatora zano rekungosangana nezvibvumirano zvenguva refu.
Chikamu chimwe kubva muzana chegasi repasi rose rinogadzirwa muRussia.Kupinda kweUkraine chiyeuchidzo chekuti dzimwe nyika dzinoshandisa sei simba guru pakugoverwa kwezvinhu zvakadai segasi.
Muna Ndira, mukuru weInternational Energy Agency, VaFatih Birol, vakati kukwira kwegasi kuri kukonzera kunyima kweRussia gasi kubva kuEurope.” Tinotenda kuti pane kusawirirana kwakanyanya mumusika wegasi wekuEurope nekuda kwemaitiro eRussia,” vakadaro.
Kunyangwe Germany yakamisa kubvumidzwa kweNord Stream 2 svondo rapfuura, tweet yakaitwa neaimbove mutungamiri weRussia uye mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, Dmitry Medvedev, yakaonekwa nevamwe sengozi yakavharidzirwa yekuvimba nedunhu iri pagasi reRussia. uko vanhu vokuEurope vachakurumidza kubhadhara 2 000 euros pa1 000 cubic metres yegasi!”Medvedev akati.
"Chero bedzi kupihwa kuri kwakanyanya, kune njodzi dzisingadzivisike," akadaro Randolph Bell, director wesimba repasi rose kuAtlantic Council, tangi reUS rekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika."Zviri pachena kuti [Russia] iri kushandisa gasi rechisikigo sechinhu chezvematongerwo enyika."
Kune vanoongorora, zvirango zvisati zvamboitika kubhangi repakati reRussia - izvo zvakonzera kudzikira muRuble uye kuperekedza kuziviswa kwevezvematongerwo enyika vekuEurope nezve "hondo yehupfumi" - zvakangowedzera njodzi yekuti Russia irambe zvimwe zvinhu.
Kana zvikaitika, kutonga kweRussia mune mamwe masimbi nemagasi akanaka kunogona kuve nezvakunoreva kune akawanda macheni.
Chikamu chimwe kubva muzana chepasi rose chepalladium chinogadzirwa muRussia.Vagadziri vemotokari vanoshandisa kemikari iyi kuti vabvise muchetura unobuda mumhepo.
Nyika iyi zvakare inogadzira mugadziri mukuru wepalladium, iyo inoshandiswa nevagadziri vemotokari kuti vabvise huturu hwemhepo kubva mumhepo, pamwe neplatinum, mhangura uye nickel yemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi.Russia neUkraine zvakare vatengesi vakuru veneon, gasi risinganhuhwi. a byproduct yekugadzira simbi uye kiyi mbishi zvinhu zvekugadzira chip.
Sekureva kwekambani yekuAmerica yekutsvagisa Techcet, mwenje weneon unocheneswa uye kukwenenzverwa nemakambani akati wandei ekuUkraine. Russia payakapinda kumabvazuva kweUkraine muna 2014, mutengo wemarambi neon wakakwira ne600 muzana nehusiku humwe, zvichikanganisa indasitiri yesemiconductor.
"Tinotarisira kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye njodzi yengozi pazvinhu zvese zviri pasi kuti zvirambe zviripo kwenguva yakareba mushure mekupinda kweRussia muUkraine.Russia ine simba guru pamisika yepasi rose, uye kukakavara kuri kuitika kune kukanganisa kukuru, Kunyanya nekuwedzera kwemitengo, "akadaro muongorori weJPMorgan Natasha Kaneva.
Zvichida chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushungurudza zvehondo yeUkraine ndeyezviyo nemitengo yezvokudya.Kupokana kunouya panguva iyo mitengo yezvokudya yatokwira, mhedzisiro yegoho rakashata pasi rose.
Ukraine ichine masheya akakura aripo ekutengesa kunze kana achienzaniswa negoho regore rapfuura, uye kukanganisa kune kutengesa kunze kwenyika kunogona kuve ne "mhedzisiro yakaipa yekushaikwa kwechikafu munyika dzatove dzisina kusimba dzinotsamira pachikafu cheUkraine," akadaro Caitlin Welsh, director weCenter's Global Food Security Program.Say.American think tank Strategy and International Studies.
Panyika gumi neina idzo gorosi rekuUkraine rinotengwa kunze kwenyika, inenge hafu yatove nedambudziko rekushaikwa kwechikafu, kusanganisira Lebanon neYemen, maererano neCSIS. kuwedzera uye kuisa mungozi "kumhanyisa kusachengeteka kwekudya."
Kunyangwe Moscow isati yarwisa Ukraine, kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika kubva kuEurope kwainge kwapinda mumusika wepasi rose wezvekudya. Mitengo yefetereza yakakura yakakwira zvakanyanya gore rapfuura mushure mekunge European Union yaisa zvirango pakutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu mushure mekunge European Union yazivisa nzira dzekutengesa kunze kwepamusoro mugadziri wepotash Belarus. seChina neRussia, zvakare vatengesi vakuru vefetereza kunze kwenyika, kuchengetedza zvekushandisa mudzimba.
Mumwedzi yekupedzisira ya2021, kushomeka kwakanyanya kwemafetereza kwatambudza kumaruwa India - nyika inovimba nekutenga mhiri kwemakungwa kwezvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana zvechirimwa chayo chakakosha - zvichikonzera kuratidzira uye kunetsana nemapurisa pakati nekuchamhembe kwenyika. Ganesh Nanote, murimi wekuMaharashtra, India, ane zvirimwa kubva padonje kusvika pazviyo, akavharirwa mubishi rekutsvaga kudya kwakakosha kwechirimwa mwaka wechando usati wasvika.
“DAP [diammonium phosphate] nepotash zviri kushomeka,” akadaro, achiwedzera kuti zvirimwa zvake zvepizi, mabhanana nehanyanisi hazvina kumira zvakanaka, kunyange zvazvo akakwanisa kuwana kumwe kudya kunovaka muviri nemitengo yakakwirira.” Kukwidzwa kwemitengo yefetereza kunoita kuti varasikirwe.
Vanoongorora vanotarisira kuti mitengo yephosphate icharamba yakakwira kudzamara China yabvisa kurambidzwa kunze kwenyika panosvika pakati pegore, ukuwo kusawirirana pamusoro peBelarus kusingazodzike chero munguva pfupi inotevera. CRU.
Vamwe vaongorori vanotenda kuti kukura kweRussia muyaichimbova Soviet Union kunogona kupedzisira kwaita mamiriro ezvinhu umo Moscow ine simba rakasimba pamusika wepasi rose wezviyo - kunyanya kana ikawana simba repamusoro muUkraine.Belarus ikozvino yakanyatsoenderana neRussia, nepo Moscow. nguva pfupi yadarika yakatumira mauto kuti atsigire hurumende yemumwe murimi mukuru wegorosi, Kazakhstan. policy think tank.
Nekuziva kushushikana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera pamusoro pekuwandirwa kwezvinhu, dzimwe hurumende nemakambani ari kutora matanho ekuyedza kudzikamisa kukanganiswa uku kuburikidza nekugadzira masheya. "Vanhu vari kuvaka masheya akawanda kupfuura zvavaiita makore gumi kana gumi nemashanu apfuura.Izvi takazviona kubva panguva yeCovid.Wese munhu anoona kuti cheni inoshanda inoshanda munguva dzakakwana dzepasirese, munguva dzakajairika, "Lambert akadaro.
Egypt, semuenzaniso, yakaunganidza gorosi uye hurumende inoti ine chikafu chakakwana kubva kune kunze kwenyika uye inotarisirwa goho remunharaunda munaNovember. Gurukota rezvekugovera rakataura munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti kusawirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine kwakakonzera "mamiriro ekusava nechokwadi mu. musika” uye kuti Egypt yakasiyanisa kutenga kwayo gorosi uye iri kukurukura nezvekutenga kwehedging nemabhanga ekudyara.
Kana kuchengetedza kuri mhinduro yenguva pfupi kune dambudziko, mhinduro yenguva refu inogona kudzokorora makore gumi apfuura kune zvisingawanzo pasi, zvicherwa zvinoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro kubva kumagetsi emhepo kusvika kumotokari dzemagetsi.
China inodzora zvingangosvika zvikamu zvina kubva muzvishanu zvepasi rose uye yakadzikisa kushomeka kunze kwenyika muna 2010, ichitumira mitengo ichikwira uye kuda kwayo kuita mari pamusoro pehutongi hwayo yakasimbiswa.Vakaratidza [kuda] kushandisa simba iroro kuwana simba rezvematongerwo enyika, "akadaro Bell weAtlantic Council.
Kuti vaderedze kuvimba kwavo nepasi reChinese risingawanzo, United States, Japan neAustralia vakapedza makore gumi apfuura vachironga nzira dzekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva. Vhiki rapfuura, Mutungamiri Joe Biden vakazivisa kuti manejimendi achaisa madhora mamirioni makumi matatu nemashanu muMP Materials, parizvino ndiyo chete US. Kambani isingawanzo kuchera pasi uye kugadzirisa yakavakirwa muCalifornia.
Dhipatimendi reDziviriro reUnited States rakatsigira zvirongwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira chirongwa chikuru cheLynas muKalgoorlie, Western Australia.Nzvimbo iyi ine mimwe migodhi mitsva yakawanda, imwe yacho inotsigirwa nehurumende yeAustralia.
Muurongwa hunogona kuitika hwepurojekiti yeYangibana kuWestern Australia, yakagadziridzwa neHastings Technology Metals, vashandi vari kuvaka migwagwa ine matombo yakatenderedza Gascoyne Junction, chikomo chematombo chiri kure chingangoita makiromita makumi maviri nemashanu kumadokero kweGomo reAugustus., iro rakakura zvakapetwa kaviri gomo rine mukurumbira reUluru, raimbozivikanwa seAyers Rock.
Vashandi vekutanga panzvimbo iyi vaichera migwagwa uye kuchera matombo makuru, izvo zvakaita kuti basa ravo rinyanye kuoma.” Vari kuchema-chema kuti vari kurwisa mujinga megomo reMount Augustus,” akadaro mukuru wezvemari weHastings, Matthew Allen.Kambani iyi yakawana chikwereti chemari inosvika mamiriyoni zana nemakumi mana emadhora ekuAustralia chekusimudzira mugodhi weYangibana, sechikamu chechirongwa chayo chitsva chakakosha.Mineral Strategy.
Hastings anotarisira kuti, kana yangoshanda zvizere mumakore maviri, Yangibana ichasangana ne8% yepasi rose inoda neodymium nepraseodymium, maviri e17 rare earth minerals uye inonyanya kudiwa. makore anogona kusundidzira nhamba kusvika pachikamu chetatu chepasi rose, sekureva kwevanoongorora maindasitiri.
Chikamu chimwe kubva muzana chepasi rose chisingawanzoitiki chinogadzirwa muChina.Izvi zvicherwa zvinoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro kubva kumagetsi emhepo kusvika kumotokari dzemagetsi.U.S nedzimwe nyika dziri kuedza kugadzira zvimwe zvekushandisa.
KuUK, Hovis 'Sharkey akati aivimba nekubatana kwake kwenguva refu kuchengetedza zvekushandisa. Zvichienzaniswa nemakore mashoma apfuura, mava kushanda nematanho akasiyana evatengesi kuti tive nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kwekutengesa mubhizinesi redu rose. "
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-29-2022